
Large batteries present unique safety considerations, because they contain high levels of energy. Additionally, they may utilize hazardous materials and moving parts. We work hand in hand with system integrators and OEMs to better understand and address these issues. . UL 9540, the Standard for Energy Storage Systems and Equipment, is the standard for safety of energy storage systems, which includes electrical, electrochemical, mechanical and other. . We also offer performance and reliability testing, including capacity claims, charge and discharge cycling, overcharge abilities, environmental and altitude simulation, and combined temperature cycling and vibration. . We conduct custom research to help identify and address the unique performance and safety issues associated with large energy storage systems. Research offerings include: . Depending on the applicability of the system, there will be different standards to fulfill for getting the products into the different installations and Markets. Depending on the area of Europe to install the product: 1. CE. [pdf]
We conduct custom research to help identify and address the unique performance and safety issues associated with large energy storage systems. Research offerings include: UL can test your large energy storage systems (ESS) based on UL 9540 and provide ESS certification to help identify the safety and performance of your system.
According to UL Solutions, installation codes such as the International Residential Code and the NFPA 855 require energy storage systems to be listed according to the requirements in UL 9540.
UL 9540, the Standard for Energy Storage Systems and Equipment, is the standard for safety of energy storage systems, which includes electrical, electrochemical, mechanical and other types of energy storage technologies for systems intended to supply electrical energy.
The standard includes ESS requirements used in: Under UL 9540, the construction of an energy storage system should result in either a piece of equipment that is one complete unit, or an assemblage of matching components that can form a system when connected. Where can I buy UL 9540?
Intertek offers a complete UL 9540 certification solution, providing a one-stop-shop for evaluating and assisting manufacturers in testing. Download our UL 9540 Certification Fact Sheet now to gain valuable insights into the certification process and take the first step towards ensuring the safety and compliance of your energy storage systems.
UL FSRI releases new report investigating near-miss lithium ion battery storage system explosion – Report: Four firefighters injured in lithium-ion battery energy storage system (ESS) explosion – Arizona. Energy storage systems interactive installation diagram with UL Certification categories and UL 9540 and UL 9540A inspection resources.

UL 9540 provides a basis for safety of energy storage systems that includes reference to critical technology safety standards and codes, such as UL 1973, the Standard for Batteries for Use in Stationary, Vehicle Auxiliary Power and Light Electric Rail (LER) Applications; UL 1741, the Standard for Inverters, Converters, Controllers and Interconnection System Equipment for Use With Distributed Energy Resources; IEEE 1547 and 1547.1; CSA FC1; NFPA 70; NFPA 2; ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code; and ASME B31 piping codes. [pdf]
Table 3.1. Energy Storage System and Component Standards 2. If relevant testing standards are not identified, it is possible they are under development by an SDO or by a third-party testing entity that plans to use them to conduct tests until a formal standard has been developed and approved by an SDO.
Until existing model codes and standards are updated or new ones developed and then adopted, one seeking to deploy energy storage technologies or needing to verify an installation’s safety may be challenged in applying current CSRs to an energy storage system (ESS).
Since the publication of the first Energy Storage Safety Strategic Plan in 2014, there have been introductions of new technologies, new use cases, and new codes, standards, regulations, and testing methods. Additionally, failures in deployed energy storage systems (ESS) have led to new emergency response best practices.
However, many designers and installers, especially those new to energy storage systems, are unfamiliar with the fire and building codes pertaining to battery installations. Another code-making body is the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). Some states adopt the NFPA 1 Fire Code rather than the IFC.
The Standard covers a comprehensive review of energy storage systems, covering charging and discharging, protection, control, communication between devices, fluids movement and other aspects.
A framework is provided for evaluating issues in emerging electrochemical energy storage technologies. The report concludes with the identification of priorities for advancement of the three pillars of energy storage safety: 1) science-based safety validation, 2) incident preparedness and response, 3) codes and standards.

Ambri Incorporated is an American which aims to produce for energy storage in wind and solar power systems. In 2016 it had thirty-seven employees. Ambri, an American energy storage tech startup founded in 2010, produces liquid metal batteries to store renewable energy from wind and solar power systems for a long time. The company’s battery is made from antimony (Sb) and calcium (Ca), and it doesn’t need to be cooled or use expensive materials like lithium. [pdf]
Ambri was set up in 2010 and more than a decade later, its energy storage solution has obtained the UL 1973 certification allowing it to be used for stationary as well as motive auxiliary power applications. Ambri’s projected energy storage cost hovers around $200 per kWh, which is almost fifty percent lower than lithium-ion storage.
Ambri’s sustainable, American-made batteries are built for daily cycling – even in extreme, harsh environments. Unlike rival technologies, Liquid Metal batteries have minimal degradation and can last for over 20 years.
Ambri Inc. has developed and is commercializing a new, long-duration battery technology that will enable widespread use of renewable energy sources, reduce electricity costs, and enable power systems to operate more reliably and efficiently.
In New York City, the battery will help relieve congestion in a region with high-power prices and a stressed grid. In Alaska and Hawaii, Ambri will test the battery’s ability to support renewable energy. As Bradwell says, Hawaii is dominated by expensive, imported diesel fuel.
In 2010 Donald Sadoway, David Bradwell and Luis Ortiz co-founded the Liquid Metal Battery Corporation with seed money from Bill Gates and the French energy company, Total S.A. The offices were in Cambridge, Massachusetts and so they named the company AMBRI, from the heart of cAMBRIdge.
Reliance is also in talks with Ambri to set up manufacturing and distribution facility in India. In September of 2023, despite receiving $144 million in funding 2 years earlier, Ambri announced it will be forced to lay off 105 workers, unless it can raise additional funding on or before Nov. 13 2023.
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