
In 2010, the total amount of electricity produced by all types of power plant in Mongolia are 4,256.1 GWh (thermal power), 31 GWh (hydroelectric), 13.2 GWh (diesel) and 0.6 GWh (solar and wind). In 2012, was used to generate 98% of the electricity in Mongolia. are the dominant type of electricity generation in . The Buuruljuut Power Plant (: Бөөрөлжүүтийн цахилгаан станц) is a in , , . [pdf]
In Mongolia, total primary energy supplies continue to be dominated by coal, and electricity generation is largely provided by coal-fired power plants, particularly combined heat and power plants. In 2018, 93% of all electricity was produced by thermal power plants, and 98% of all district heat was provided by coal-fired systems.
To manage the energy demand and prevent power outages, Mongolia’s Energy Regulation Committee imported more energy from Russia and asked people to follow energy-saving practices. In 2024, energy experts and Mongolia’s global partners are urging the Mongolian government to prioritize the energy sector.
Mongolia has very sunny weather with average insolation above 1,500 W/m2 in most of the country, making solar power highly available. 247 MW of solar power plants have been approved for construction. Guaranteed power purchase agreements and favorable tariff structures promote further growth of the industry.
Mongolia has the potential to sustain its domestic electricity demand through renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydro. It should also view exports of renewable energy into neighboring countries as an alternative source of economic security. Energy as Electricity
In terms of energy policy, Mongolia’s main priority should be to target supply close to 100 percent of domestic demand when it comes to electricity and heating production – even if this power is generated by fossil fuels.
To many Mongolians, energy shortages and power outages are not new problems. However, this does not mean the country’s 3.4 million people should be complacent with underdevelopment. The recent energy shortage also stresses Mongolia’s extreme dependence on Russia’s energy supply.

The Chinese autonomous region of Inner Mongolia has set a target to install and connect 5GW of energy storage capacity to the grid by 20251. The region aims to accelerate the energy transition and align with national government policies on climate mitigation. The plan includes constructing and completing new energy storage projects in the coming years2. Additionally, Inner Mongolia will optimize policy measures to promote large-scale development and efficient utilization of new energy3. [pdf]
Inner Mongolia autonomous region has become the first region in China to surpass 100 million kilowatts in new energy installations, achieved through the completion of the 1-million-kilowatt wind power storage project in Siziwang Banner and the second and third phases of the Three Gorges Ulaanqab green power demonstration project.
A planned battery energy storage system for Mongolia will be the largest of its type in the world and provide a blueprint for other developing countries to follow as they decarbonize their power systems. Mongolia’s coal-dependent energy sector accounts for about two thirds of Mongolia’s greenhouse gas emissions.
Besides Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Guangdong and Hunan provinces as well as the Ningxia Hui autonomous region are areas ranking in the first-tier group for installing new energy storage capacity in China.
This year, Inner Mongolia will expedite the implementation of sand prevention and control projects, integrated wind and photovoltaic power projects, new energy heating projects, and energy technology projects.
Since 2023, the energy bureau in Inner Mongolia has been committed to advancing new energy construction, focusing on improving the quality and efficiency of project advancement and scheduling.
New ADB-backed battery energy storage system in Mongolia will put on track the decarbonization of the energy sector and help unlock renewable energy potential to bring back blue skies to Mongolia’s urban areas.

The has supported Armenia's through various initiatives and grants. In 2019, the former Head of the to Armenia, stated: "Armenia is moving forward on its sustainable energy pathway, with strong support from the European Union." According to the , imports of oil and gas continue to cover 75% of Ar. . According to in 2015 electricity generation in Armenia increased since 2009 to nearly 8000 GWh, but still remains below 1990 levels. Also, in 2015 Armenia consumed more than twice as much natural gas than in 2009. lacks source, and heavily relies on the production of elect. [pdf]
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